Are you looking to boost your workout routine but unsure if supplements are worth the hype? With so many options on the market, it can be overwhelming to determine which ones are effective and safe to use. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the world of fitness supplements and answer the question: Are any workout supplements worth taking? We will delve into the science behind popular supplements, discuss their potential benefits and risks, and provide tips on how to choose the right supplements for your fitness goals. So, get ready to separate fact from fiction and discover the truth about workout supplements.
What Are Fitness Supplements?
Types of Fitness Supplements
When it comes to fitness supplements, there are a variety of options available on the market. It’s important to understand the different types of supplements in order to make an informed decision about whether or not they are worth taking.
Protein Supplements
Protein supplements are one of the most popular types of fitness supplements. They are often used by athletes and bodybuilders to help build muscle mass and repair muscle tissue after a workout. There are several different types of protein supplements available, including whey protein, casein protein, and soy protein.
Creatine Supplements
Creatine supplements are another popular type of fitness supplement. They are often used to increase muscle strength and endurance, as well as improve recovery time after a workout. Creatine can be found in a variety of forms, including powders, capsules, and tablets.
Pre-Workout Supplements
Pre-workout supplements are designed to be taken before a workout in order to increase energy and improve performance. These supplements often contain a combination of ingredients, such as caffeine, B-vitamins, and amino acids.
Post-Workout Supplements
Post-workout supplements are taken after a workout in order to aid in recovery and muscle growth. These supplements often contain ingredients such as protein, carbohydrates, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs).
Fat Burners
Fat burners are supplements that are designed to help the body burn fat more efficiently. These supplements often contain ingredients such as caffeine, green tea extract, and bitter orange extract.
Testosterone Boosters
Testosterone boosters are supplements that are designed to increase testosterone levels in the body. These supplements are often used by athletes and bodybuilders in order to improve muscle mass and strength. However, it’s important to note that testosterone boosters can have serious side effects, and should only be used under the guidance of a doctor.
Understanding the different types of fitness supplements available can help you make an informed decision about whether or not they are worth taking. It’s important to do your research and speak with a healthcare professional before taking any supplements.
Popular Fitness Supplements
Fitness supplements are dietary supplements that are designed to enhance physical performance, improve muscle growth, and support recovery after exercise. These supplements are typically marketed towards athletes and fitness enthusiasts who are looking to push their bodies to the next level. While there are countless fitness supplements available on the market, some of the most popular options include:
- Protein powder: A popular supplement among athletes, protein powder is a convenient way to increase protein intake after a workout. It can be consumed in a variety of forms, including shakes, bars, and capsules.
- Creatine: Creatine is a naturally occurring compound that helps to increase energy production in the body. It is commonly used by athletes to improve performance during high-intensity activities such as weightlifting and sprinting.
- Beta-alanine: Beta-alanine is an amino acid that helps to delay muscle fatigue and improve endurance. It is often used by athletes participating in long-distance events such as marathons and triathlons.
- Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs): BCAAs are a group of amino acids that are essential for muscle growth and repair. They are commonly used by athletes to reduce muscle soreness and improve recovery after a workout.
- Fish oil: Fish oil is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to have numerous health benefits, including reducing inflammation and improving heart health. Many athletes use fish oil supplements to support overall health and wellness.
While these supplements are popular among athletes and fitness enthusiasts, it’s important to note that they are not a magic bullet for improving performance. In order to see significant improvements, it’s important to combine these supplements with a well-rounded exercise and nutrition plan. Additionally, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking any medications.
Benefits of Fitness Supplements
Fitness supplements are dietary supplements that are designed to enhance physical performance, support muscle growth, and improve overall health and well-being. While there are numerous types of fitness supplements available on the market, they all aim to achieve similar benefits.
Here are some of the key benefits of fitness supplements:
- Boosting Energy and Endurance: Many fitness supplements contain ingredients that can help to increase energy levels and improve endurance during workouts. This can help athletes to push themselves harder and for longer periods of time, leading to better results.
- Supporting Muscle Growth and Recovery: Fitness supplements can help to support muscle growth and recovery by providing the body with essential nutrients such as protein, amino acids, and creatine. These nutrients can help to repair muscle tissue and reduce muscle soreness after a workout.
- Enhancing Mental Focus and Clarity: Some fitness supplements contain ingredients that can help to improve mental focus and clarity, allowing athletes to stay more focused and motivated during their workouts. This can be especially helpful for athletes who train for long periods of time or who need to maintain a high level of concentration during intense workouts.
- Promoting Weight Loss and Body Fat Reduction: Some fitness supplements can help to promote weight loss and reduce body fat. This is often achieved through a combination of ingredients that boost metabolism, reduce appetite, and help the body to burn fat more efficiently.
- Supporting Immune Function: Fitness supplements can also help to support immune function, which is especially important for athletes who are constantly exposed to new environments and pathogens. By providing the body with essential nutrients and antioxidants, fitness supplements can help to boost immune function and reduce the risk of illness and injury.
Overall, fitness supplements can provide a range of benefits for athletes and fitness enthusiasts. However, it’s important to note that not all supplements are created equal, and some may be more effective than others depending on the individual’s goals and needs. As such, it’s important to carefully research and choose the right supplements for your specific needs and goals.
The Science Behind Fitness Supplements
How Supplements Affect the Body
When it comes to fitness supplements, it’s important to understand how they affect the body. While some supplements may claim to increase muscle mass or improve athletic performance, the truth is that many of these claims are not backed by scientific evidence. In fact, some supplements can even be harmful to your health if taken in excess or without proper medical supervision.
Here are some ways that supplements can affect the body:
Stimulants
Some supplements, such as caffeine and certain herbal extracts, can act as stimulants. These substances can increase energy levels, improve focus, and boost athletic performance. However, they can also cause side effects such as jitteriness, anxiety, and insomnia if taken in excess.
Hormone modulators
Some supplements, such as creatine and protein powders, can help to increase muscle mass and improve recovery after exercise. These supplements work by modulating hormones in the body, such as testosterone and insulin. However, they can also have negative side effects if taken in excess, such as liver damage and increased risk of certain cancers.
Nutrient supplements
Other supplements, such as vitamins and minerals, are intended to provide essential nutrients that the body needs for optimal health and fitness. While these supplements are generally considered safe and effective, they may not always be necessary for everyone. For example, some people may already be getting enough vitamin D from sun exposure, while others may not need extra calcium if they are consuming a balanced diet.
It’s important to note that not all supplements are created equal. Some may be more effective than others, and some may have more potential side effects. Before taking any supplement, it’s important to do your research and talk to a healthcare professional to determine whether it’s right for you.
The Importance of Nutrient Timing
Nutrient timing refers to the strategic timing of macronutrient intake, particularly protein, carbohydrates, and fats, to optimize muscle growth, recovery, and overall fitness goals. This concept is based on the idea that consuming specific nutrients at certain times can enhance their effectiveness and promote greater gains in muscle mass, strength, and endurance.
The optimal timing of nutrient intake may vary depending on an individual’s training regimen, goals, and metabolic needs. However, some general guidelines can be followed to maximize the benefits of nutrient timing:
- Pre-Workout Nutrition: Consuming carbohydrates and amino acids before exercise has been shown to improve performance, endurance, and muscle glycogen resynthesis. A source of complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains or starchy vegetables, combined with a lean protein source and healthy fats, can provide sustained energy and support muscle growth.
- Post-Workout Nutrition: Within 30 minutes to 1 hour after exercise, it is crucial to consume a combination of carbohydrates and protein to replenish glycogen stores and support muscle repair and growth. This “anabolic window” is considered the most critical period for maximizing muscle protein synthesis and promoting recovery.
- Protein Timing: Consuming protein throughout the day, with higher amounts post-workout, can help maintain and build muscle mass. Spreading protein intake may also help prevent muscle breakdown and support a positive nitrogen balance.
- Fluids and Electrolytes: Staying hydrated by consuming fluids and electrolytes before, during, and after exercise is essential for maintaining proper physiological function and preventing dehydration.
While nutrient timing can be an effective strategy for optimizing performance and recovery, it is important to note that individual nutritional needs may vary based on factors such as age, gender, body composition, and fitness goals. Consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian can help develop a personalized nutrition plan tailored to individual needs and preferences.
Supplement-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy
Supplement-induced muscle hypertrophy refers to the increase in muscle size and strength that can be achieved through the use of certain supplements. This can be accomplished through various mechanisms, including increased protein synthesis, reduced muscle breakdown, and improved blood flow to the muscles. Some of the most popular supplements used for this purpose include creatine, beta-alanine, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs).
Creatine
Creatine is one of the most well-researched supplements for muscle hypertrophy. It works by increasing the amount of creatine phosphate in the muscles, which can help to improve high-intensity exercise performance and promote muscle growth. Studies have shown that creatine supplementation can lead to significant increases in muscle strength and size, particularly when combined with resistance training.
Beta-Alanine
Beta-alanine is another popular supplement for muscle hypertrophy. It is an amino acid that helps to delay the onset of fatigue during exercise, allowing for longer and more intense workouts. By increasing the amount of carnosine in the muscles, beta-alanine can also help to reduce muscle acidity and promote muscle growth. Studies have shown that beta-alanine supplementation can lead to significant increases in muscle strength and size, particularly in activities that require high-intensity, short-duration exercise.
Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs)
BCAAs are a group of amino acids that are essential for muscle growth and repair. They include leucine, isoleucine, and valine. BCAAs can help to reduce muscle soreness and promote muscle recovery after exercise. They can also help to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, which is the process by which the muscles repair and grow after exercise. Studies have shown that BCAA supplementation can lead to significant increases in muscle strength and size, particularly when combined with resistance training.
It is important to note that while these supplements can be effective for muscle hypertrophy, they should not be used as a substitute for a healthy diet and regular exercise. A well-rounded fitness routine that includes a balanced diet and regular resistance training is the best way to achieve long-term muscle growth and strength gains. Additionally, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or are taking any medications.
The Limitations of Supplements
When it comes to fitness supplements, it’s important to understand their limitations. While some supplements may claim to boost muscle growth or improve athletic performance, the reality is that they may not be as effective as they claim.
Here are some of the limitations of fitness supplements:
- Lack of regulation: Many supplements are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which means that their ingredients and safety may not be properly monitored.
- Unclear science: The science behind many supplements is not well-established, and their effectiveness may vary from person to person.
- Side effects: Some supplements may have side effects, such as stomach upset or elevated blood pressure, that can negatively impact overall health.
- Interactions with medications: Some supplements may interact with medications, which can lead to serious health problems.
- Cost: Many supplements can be expensive, and their long-term benefits may not always justify the cost.
It’s important to approach fitness supplements with caution and to carefully research any supplement before taking it. It’s also important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Workout Supplements
Evidence-Based Approach
When evaluating the efficacy of workout supplements, it is crucial to adopt an evidence-based approach. This involves assessing the available scientific evidence to determine whether a particular supplement is effective for its intended purpose. In order to do this, it is important to carefully examine the research studies conducted on the supplement in question.
There are several factors to consider when evaluating the evidence for a particular supplement. These include the study design, sample size, control group, and the type of outcome measures used. For example, a study with a large sample size and a well-designed control group is generally considered to be more reliable than one with a small sample size and weak control measures.
It is also important to consider the source of the evidence, as some studies may be funded by companies with a vested interest in promoting their products. In these cases, it may be necessary to seek out additional sources of information in order to make an informed decision about whether or not to use the supplement in question.
Overall, an evidence-based approach to evaluating the efficacy of workout supplements involves carefully examining the available scientific evidence and considering a range of factors in order to make an informed decision about whether or not to use a particular supplement.
Importance of Research
Research is of paramount importance when it comes to evaluating the efficacy of workout supplements. This is because the fitness industry is filled with countless products that promise to improve athletic performance, build muscle, and burn fat. Many of these products are backed by little scientific evidence, and some may even be harmful to consume.
Before taking any workout supplement, it is crucial to conduct thorough research to determine its safety and effectiveness. This research should involve reviewing scientific studies and articles published in reputable sources, such as peer-reviewed journals. It is also important to consider the dosage, potential side effects, and interactions with other medications or supplements.
In addition to reviewing scientific literature, it is also essential to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian. They can provide personalized advice based on an individual’s unique health needs and goals, as well as any underlying medical conditions or allergies.
By conducting thorough research and consulting with a healthcare professional, individuals can make informed decisions about whether or not to take workout supplements and which products may be most beneficial for their fitness goals.
Case Studies: Success and Failure
- Examining individual experiences to determine the value of fitness supplements
- Success stories: individuals who achieved significant results with supplementation
- Improved muscle mass and strength
- Enhanced athletic performance
- Increased energy and endurance
- Failure cases: individuals who saw little to no improvement with supplementation
- Ineffective products
- Improper dosage or timing
- Inadequate nutrition and training
- Success stories: individuals who achieved significant results with supplementation
- Analyzing the role of supplements in a comprehensive fitness program
- Complementing a balanced diet and regular exercise
- Addressing specific nutrient deficiencies or health concerns
- Augmenting overall wellness and recovery
- Understanding the limitations and potential risks of relying on supplements
- Supplements not a substitute for proper nutrition and training
- Potential side effects and interactions with medications
- Variable quality and efficacy of products on the market
- Conducting research and consulting with professionals before incorporating supplements into your routine
- Consulting with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian
- Reviewing scientific literature and reputable sources
- Seeking advice from experienced fitness professionals
Making Informed Decisions About Workout Supplements
Factors to Consider
When considering whether to take workout supplements, it is important to evaluate various factors that can impact their effectiveness and safety. Here are some key factors to consider:
Quality and Source of Ingredients
The quality and source of ingredients used in workout supplements can significantly impact their effectiveness and safety. It is important to choose supplements that use high-quality, pure ingredients that are backed by scientific research. Look for supplements that are tested for purity and potency by third-party laboratories to ensure that they contain the ingredients listed on the label and are free of contaminants.
Dosage and Timing
The dosage and timing of workout supplements can also impact their effectiveness and safety. It is important to follow the recommended dosage and timing on the supplement label or as directed by a healthcare professional. Taking too much of a supplement can lead to side effects or even overdose, while taking it at the wrong time can reduce its effectiveness.
Individual Needs and Goals
Every individual has different needs and goals when it comes to fitness and nutrition. It is important to consider your own specific needs and goals when deciding whether to take workout supplements. For example, if you are a vegetarian or vegan, you may need to supplement with vitamin B12 to ensure adequate intake. If you are an athlete, you may need to supplement with protein to support muscle growth and repair.
Potential Interactions with Medications or Other Supplements
Workout supplements can interact with medications or other supplements, which can impact their effectiveness or cause side effects. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any supplement, especially if you are taking medication or have a medical condition. They can help you determine whether a supplement is safe and appropriate for you to take.
By considering these factors, you can make informed decisions about whether to take workout supplements and choose the best supplements for your individual needs and goals.
Assessing Your Fitness Goals
When it comes to deciding whether or not to take workout supplements, it’s important to assess your fitness goals. This means understanding what you hope to achieve through your exercise routine and how supplements can help or hinder those goals.
To start, consider the following questions:
- What are my fitness goals? Do I want to build muscle, lose weight, improve endurance, or something else?
- How important is it to me to achieve these goals? Am I willing to invest time, money, and effort into achieving them?
- Have I done any research on the potential benefits and risks of taking supplements to achieve my goals?
Once you have a clear understanding of your fitness goals and the potential benefits and risks of supplements, you can make an informed decision about whether or not to take them. Keep in mind that supplements should never be used as a substitute for a healthy diet and regular exercise. They are meant to supplement your efforts, not replace them.
Consulting a Healthcare Professional
Consulting a healthcare professional is an essential step in making informed decisions about workout supplements. Here are some reasons why:
- Medical Expertise: Healthcare professionals have the medical expertise to assess your individual needs and determine whether a particular supplement is appropriate for you. They can also provide guidance on the appropriate dosage and potential side effects.
- Individualized Approach: Every individual is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. A healthcare professional can take into account your medical history, current health status, and fitness goals to determine the best course of action.
- Evidence-Based Recommendations: Healthcare professionals rely on scientific evidence to make recommendations. They can help you distinguish between supplements that are supported by scientific research and those that are not.
- Safety Concerns: Some supplements can interact with medications or have other safety concerns. A healthcare professional can help you navigate these issues and ensure that you are taking supplements safely.
- Monitoring Progress: A healthcare professional can monitor your progress and adjust your supplement regimen as needed. They can also help you evaluate the effectiveness of the supplements you are taking and make changes if necessary.
Overall, consulting a healthcare professional is a crucial step in making informed decisions about workout supplements. They can provide medical expertise, individualized recommendations, evidence-based guidance, safety concerns, and progress monitoring.
Safe and Effective Supplementation
When it comes to taking workout supplements, it’s important to make informed decisions that prioritize safety and effectiveness. While there are a variety of supplements available on the market, not all of them are safe or effective for enhancing physical performance. Here are some guidelines to consider when evaluating workout supplements:
- FDA Regulation: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates dietary supplements, but it does not review the safety or effectiveness of these products before they are marketed. Therefore, it’s important to be cautious when choosing supplements and to select products from reputable manufacturers.
- Ingredient Quality: When evaluating supplements, pay attention to the quality and purity of the ingredients. Some ingredients may be contaminated with harmful substances or may not be properly labeled. It’s important to choose supplements that use high-quality, well-tested ingredients.
- Medical Supervision: Some supplements may interact with medications or have other health risks, so it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any new supplements. This is especially important for individuals with pre-existing medical conditions or those taking prescription medications.
- Scientific Evidence: Look for scientific evidence to support the safety and effectiveness of a supplement. Reputable manufacturers will often provide scientific studies to support their claims. However, it’s important to critically evaluate the quality and relevance of these studies.
- Dosage and Timing: Follow the recommended dosage and timing guidelines for each supplement. Taking too much of a supplement can be harmful, and not taking it at the right time can reduce its effectiveness. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any questions.
By following these guidelines, you can make informed decisions about workout supplements that prioritize safety and effectiveness.
Recap of Key Points
When it comes to making informed decisions about workout supplements, there are several key points to consider. These include:
- Understanding the difference between dietary supplements and drugs
- Recognizing that not all supplements are safe or effective
- Considering the potential risks and benefits of each supplement
- Consulting with a healthcare professional before taking any supplement
- Being aware of the potential for interactions with other medications
- Checking for scientific evidence to support the claims made about a supplement
- Keeping in mind that supplements should not be used as a substitute for a healthy diet and exercise regimen
By taking these factors into account, individuals can make informed decisions about whether or not to take workout supplements and can ensure that they are using these products safely and effectively.
Future Directions for Research
As the popularity of fitness supplements continues to rise, so does the need for further research in this area. While some studies have been conducted on the effectiveness and safety of various supplements, much more research is needed to fully understand their potential benefits and risks. Here are some areas that future research could focus on:
- Dose-response relationships: Many studies on supplements have used a single dose or a range of doses, but it’s unclear what the optimal dose is for most supplements. Future research could explore the effects of different doses to determine the best dose for maximizing benefits while minimizing risks.
- Long-term effects: Most studies on supplements have been conducted over a short period of time, and it’s unclear what the long-term effects of taking these supplements are. Future research could examine the effects of taking supplements over a longer period of time to determine their safety and effectiveness.
- Interactions with other substances: Many supplements can interact with other substances, such as medications or other supplements. Future research could explore the potential interactions between supplements and other substances to determine the risks and benefits of taking them together.
- Individual differences: People metabolize supplements differently, and some may be more sensitive to their effects. Future research could examine how genetic factors, age, gender, and other individual differences affect the response to supplements.
- Combination therapy: Some supplements are marketed as part of a combination therapy, and it’s unclear whether the combination is more effective than taking the supplements separately. Future research could explore the effects of combination therapy to determine its benefits and risks.
- Placebo effect: Many studies on supplements have used a placebo control, but it’s unclear how strong the placebo effect is for these supplements. Future research could examine the strength of the placebo effect to determine the true effectiveness of supplements.
- Generalizability: Most studies on supplements have been conducted on healthy, young adults, and it’s unclear whether the results can be generalized to other populations. Future research could examine the effects of supplements on different age groups, genders, and health conditions to determine their safety and effectiveness for these populations.
Overall, future research on fitness supplements could provide valuable insights into their potential benefits and risks, and help people make informed decisions about whether to take them.
A Holistic Approach to Fitness and Health
A holistic approach to fitness and health is crucial when it comes to making informed decisions about workout supplements. This means considering all aspects of your health and well-being, rather than just focusing on specific goals or outcomes. By taking a holistic approach, you can ensure that you are making the best choices for your overall health and fitness, rather than just trying to achieve a specific outcome.
One key aspect of a holistic approach is to focus on overall nutrition and hydration. Proper nutrition and hydration are essential for optimal health and fitness, and supplements should never be used as a substitute for a healthy diet. Instead, supplements should be used to supplement a healthy diet and lifestyle, rather than replacing it.
Another important aspect of a holistic approach is to consider your individual needs and goals. Every person is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. This means that it is important to carefully consider your individual needs and goals when choosing workout supplements. For example, if you are trying to build muscle, you may need to choose supplements that support muscle growth and recovery, rather than supplements that are designed for general fitness or weight loss.
It is also important to consider any underlying health conditions or concerns when choosing workout supplements. Some supplements may interact with certain medications or have side effects that could be harmful for certain individuals. Therefore, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any supplements, especially if you have any underlying health conditions or concerns.
In addition to these factors, a holistic approach to fitness and health also involves considering the long-term effects of supplement use. While some supplements may provide short-term benefits, it is important to consider the potential long-term effects of using these supplements. For example, some supplements may have negative side effects over time, or may even lead to harmful interactions with other substances. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider the long-term effects of any supplement before deciding to use it.
Overall, a holistic approach to fitness and health is essential when it comes to making informed decisions about workout supplements. By considering all aspects of your health and well-being, rather than just focusing on specific goals or outcomes, you can ensure that you are making the best choices for your overall health and fitness.
FAQs
1. What are workout supplements?
Workout supplements are dietary supplements that are designed to support athletic performance, increase muscle mass, and improve overall physical fitness. They can come in various forms, including powders, capsules, and tablets.
2. Are workout supplements necessary for fitness?
No, workout supplements are not necessary for fitness. A balanced diet and regular exercise are the most important factors for achieving and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Supplements should be viewed as an optional addition to a healthy lifestyle, rather than a replacement for it.
3. What are some popular workout supplements?
Some popular workout supplements include protein powder, creatine, and pre-workout supplements. Protein powder is often used to support muscle growth and recovery, while creatine is believed to improve strength and endurance. Pre-workout supplements contain a blend of ingredients designed to increase energy and focus during exercise.
4. Are workout supplements safe to take?
Some workout supplements are safe to take, while others may have potential side effects or health risks. It’s important to do your research and consult with a healthcare professional before taking any supplements, especially if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications.
5. Can workout supplements replace a balanced diet?
No, workout supplements should not be used to replace a balanced diet. While supplements can provide additional nutrients and support athletic performance, they cannot replace the variety of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients found in whole foods. A healthy diet should be the foundation of any fitness routine.
6. How should workout supplements be taken?
The recommended dosage and frequency of taking workout supplements varies depending on the specific supplement and individual needs. It’s important to follow the recommended dosage on the product label and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any questions or concerns.
7. Can workout supplements be taken by children?
No, workout supplements should not be taken by children. Many supplements are not designed for or safe for use in children, and some may even have potentially harmful side effects. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before giving any supplements to children.
8. How long does it take for workout supplements to work?
The time it takes for workout supplements to work varies depending on the specific supplement and individual needs. Some supplements, such as protein powder, may have immediate effects on muscle recovery and growth, while others may take several weeks or months to see results. Consistent use and a healthy lifestyle are key factors in achieving desired results.